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John Thompson Keen was born on 25 February 1849 at Broadway in the county of Worcestershire,〔http://yourarchives.nationalarchives.gov.uk/index.php?title=RG_13/670〕 England, and lived in Surbiton, Surrey from the age of five. He gained an international reputation both as a professional sports cyclist and a manufacturer of bicycles. Also known as ‘Happy Jack’, John Keen trained as a carpenter but his passion was the new sport of cycling on high bicycles (penny-farthing) which were newly developed from the velocipede. It has been reported that he began racing as early as 1869 and when a racing track opened in Surbiton he won the first event. He raced over a number of distances. In 1872 he was recorded as having ridden ten miles in less than 36 minutes and in 1874 he rode 50 miles in 3 hours and nine minutes. In May 1873 Keen, with James Moore introduced larger wheeled bicycles to France at the championships in Lyon where wheel sizes up to 45 inches had been the norm.〔Bicycle: The History, by David V.Herlihy〕 Keen frequently competed against Fred Cooper for the One Mile Professional Championship. An athletic newspaper at the time reported that 12,000 people attended a meeting at Wolverhampton to see the men compete.〔http://www.badminton.exato.nl/books/library/cycling/cycling.pdf〕 In the spring of 1876 John Keen travelled to New York with his bicycle.〔http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/Outing/Volume_18/outXVIII04/outXVIII04t.pdf〕 By 1878 he was internationally reputed to be the fastest rider in the world, the professional champion of England 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gerard Francis Cobb a Champion of 19th Century Bicycling )〕 and his name appeared on advertisements (in 1879) for the Columbia bicycle manufactured in the USA which stated his achievement of 1 mile in 2 minutes and 43 seconds (22 mph). In 1879 Keen, together with David Stanton and William Cann were invited to race in the United States against inexperienced local opposition. In pursuit of all records from one to twenty miles, Keen achieved 16 miles and 790 yards in one hour.〔http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/Outing/Volume_03/outIII01/outIII01v.pdf〕 It was said that he sailed to New York to take on John S.Prince in 1883. In the 1870s Keen set up a business developing and manufacturing bicycles in Surbiton. Kingston Museum has an example of a bicycle bearing a badge "John Keen Surbiton Hill 1872". A printed notice held in the papers of the Cyclists' Touring Club 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A Catalogue of the Papers of the Cyclists' Touring 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Keen (cyclist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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